Hiệu ứng Zeigarnik

Tuan Anh Tran
Định nghĩa: People in all sorts of situations could remember incomplete tasks or issues much more readily than completed ones.
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Background: Zeigarnik noticed this effect while she was watching waiters in a restaurant. The waiters seemed to remember complex orders that allowed them to deliver the right combination of food to the tables, yet the information vanished as the food was delivered. Zeigarnik observed that the uncompleted orders seemed to stick in the waiters’ minds until they were actually completed.

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Ứng dụng:
+/ Procrastination: để tránh tâm lý ngại làm thì hãy làm thứ gì đó để tạo đà. Don't start with the hardest bit, try something easy first
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Chances are high that you tend to procrastinate not out of laziness, but out of intimidation; the task at hand seems so enormous that it’s hard to figure out what piece to attack first. So keeping this concept in mind should be a little reassuring. Do something, and it hardly matters what, as long as it’s something pertaining to the task at hand. Getting started, in and of itself, might give you enough momentum to help you finish.
Find the motivation to stop procrastinating.:The Zeigarnik Effect clearly shows that we have an internal drive to finish what we start. And it doesn't matter where you start. The motivation to continue comes from merely starting.
Break your day into smaller, highly focused segments.Identify the elements of an assignment or task that you can actually finish during those segments. The Pomodoro Technique (avoid employing multi-task) is an excellent place to learn more about working in short bursts.
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+/ Marketing: các conflicts chưa giải quyết
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Marketers of movie and TV programming surely understand the Zeigarnik Effect. Think back to a movie that just didn't end with all the conflicts resolved or left you with unanswered questions. You probably found yourself silently screaming at the screen, saying, "Don't do this to me! I need to know how it ends." Masterful authors and writers capitalize on the effect as well.
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View about interruption và multi-task
Encourage users to “set aside time” to read a landing page, complete an online form, or read an article. The less interruptions they experience, the more likely they are to retain and act on information. Slate shows “to read” times, likely to encourage users to anticipate the time they will need to read the article and follow through on doing so without interruption.------
+/ Recognize how your mind is working against you.For example, you scan your email inbox and recognize that no less than 8 items will need your attention... sometime. You return to what you were working on, or so you thought. You now have at least 8 potential tasks all clamoring for your attention. A better approach would be to set aside a dedicated time to work through your email, and handle each one appropriately. One item may need immediate attention, another might be delegated to someone else, and yet another could be deemed an "A" priority for tomorrow. Your mind will now allow you to forget them for the moment because you have brought some level of closure or at least progress to each one.